Pyricularia 属菌のタケ・ササ類生葉上での越冬とイネいもち病菌(P. oryzae Cavara) のタケ・ササに対する病原性

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タイトル別名
  • ?EＰｙｒｉｃｕｌａｒｉａ?F属菌のタケ・ササ類生葉上での越冬とイネいもち病菌（?EＰ．ｏｒｙｚａｅ?F　Ｃａｖａｒａ）のタケ・ササに対する病原性
  • Overwintering of <i>Pyricularia</i> on the Living Bamboo and Bamboo Grass Leaves and Pathogenicity of the Rice Blast Fungus, <i>P. oryzae</i> Cavara, to Bamboo and Bamboo Grass
  • Pyriculariaゾクキン ノ タケ ササルイ ナマハジョウ デ ノ エッ

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During late-March to August 1978, natural infection of bamboo or bamboo grass by Pyricularia sp. was found in 8 Prefectures in the western part of Japan (Kagoshima, Kumamoto, Hiroshima, Okayama, Shimane, Tottori, Shiga, Wakayama). All collections are overwintered living leaves with older blast lesions. The 16 isolates from bamboo and 5 from bamboo grass showed pathogenicity to all inoculated bamboo and bamboo grass. Of 13 isolates of Pyricularia sp. from bamboo, 5 showed pathogenicity to rice seedlings. Among 3 isolates from bamboo grass, one could infect rice leaves by artificial inoculation. One isolate (T300) from bamboo (Semiarundinaria viridis Makino) was identified as race 007. Of the 10 isolates of P. oryzae from rice, 8 were pathogenic to bamboo and 9 were pathogenic to bamboo grass. Each of 4 races (T-2, C-1, C-8, N-2) showed pathogenicity to both bamboo and bamboo grass. Spray inoculation of bamboo with the fungus was successful. Pyricularia sp. overwinters as mycelium in infected living leaves of bamboo and bamboo grass. Some of overwintered leaves with blast lesions persisted for prolonged periods during the spring and early summer. The overwintered mycelium on living leaves produced conidia with high germinability when moistened. Sporulation may occur in nature at any time the environment is favorable. A field survey made in Hirose-cho on 22 June 1978 showed that 6.9% (583/8454) of overwintered bamboo (Phyllostachys bambusoides Sieb. et Zucc.) leaves were infected with a Pyricularia sp. The fungus was fruiting on the lesions of leaves when moistened. In 1978, Pyricularia sp. was first found sporulating on overwintered living leaves of bamboo and bamboo grass between May 10 and 13 in Hikawa-cho and Yasugi-shi. The first primary blast lesions on young bamboo leaves were found May 1 in Yasugi-shi and May 5 in Hikawa-cho. New lesions on bamboo grass were first noted June 27 in Hikawa-cho. We proposed that conidia produced on overwintered living leaves were responsible for initiation of primary infection. In Japan, bamboo and bamboo grass are widely distributed and they may have a direct bearing on the disease cycle of rice blast.

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