リンゴ腐らん病病斑組織の季節的変化に関する解剖学的観察

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タイトル別名
  • リンゴ腐らん病病はん組織の季節的変化に関する解剖学的観察
  • Histopathological Changes of Apple Bark Infected by <i>Valsa ceratosperma</i> (Tode ex Fr.) Maire during Dormant and Growing Periods
  • リンゴ フランビョウ ビョウハン ソシキ ノ キセツテキ ヘンカ ニ カンスル

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Single hyphae of the Valsa ceratosperma, the causal fungus of apple canker, can invade the cortical tissues and phloem of apple bark very slowly during the dormant season. A transition zone composed of collapsed cells was found between diseased and healthy tissues. Invasion by single hyphae also occurred in the early growing season (May) when the development of canker lesion was most active. As temperature rised from June to July, several cell layers were lignified in the transition zone beyond the mycelial invasion, followed by the formation of cork layers with thin-walled cork cells. In this season, the fungus proliferated to form a fan-shaped mycelium and destroyed the wound cork layers by their mass action. However, repeated formation of wound cork layers resulted in a decreased rate of lesion development. Wound cork layers with thick-walled cork cells which were formed in August may play a role as a complete barrier against invasion by the causal fungus. With a decline of temperature in autumn, mycelium was again able to invade healthy tissue by penetrating through defective cork layers between the periderm and cortex or phloem and xylem. When apple bark was artificially wounded, wound cork layers were produced slowly during winter, but rapidly during summer. From the results presented here it was concluded that wound cork layers formed as a result of mycelial infection act as a temporal barrier to invasion and their rate of formation depends on the host metabolic activity.

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