タマナギンウワバおよびその近似種(ヤガ科)の生態に関する研究

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  • Studies on the Bionomics of the Asiatic Common Looper, <i>Plusia nigrisigna</i> WALKER and Its Several Allied Species (Noctuidae)
  • タマナギンウワバ オヨビ ソノ キンジシュ ヤガカ ノ セイタイ ニ カンスル ケンキュウ 3
  • III. Effects of Temperature on the Development and the Pupal Colouration of the Asiatic Common Looper, <i>Plusia nigrisigna</i> WALKER
  • III. タマナギンウワバの発育と体色に及ぼす温度の影響

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Previously the author discussed the effects of various temperatures on the developmental velocities of each stage of the Asiatic common looper, Plusia nigrisigna WALKER. In the present paper, the author wishes to deal with the effects of temperature on the body weight of the pupae and on the mortality during the larval and pupal stages of this species. Observations were also made on the colouration of the larvae and pupae. The materials and the method of experiments are described in the previous paper. Two constant temperatures of 25°C and 30°C, and various room temperatures were used, and the larvae were bred under crowded (20 individuals per container) or solitary condition.<br>1. The body weight of the pupae (4∼24 hours after pupation) was little different between two cultures fed on the cabbage, Brassica oleracea, and on the rape, B. campestris, respectively. No significant sexual difference was observed between them (Table 1).<br>2. The body weight of the pupae was not significantly influenced by the temperatures tested, but under high temperature of 30°C a few extremely small pupae were obtained (Table 1).<br>3. The mean body weight of the pupae in the solitary culture was slightly greater than that in the crowded culture, but the difference was not significant (Table 2).<br>4. The mortalities of the larvae and pupae rose abruptly when reared at 30°C, death mainly occurring in the pupal period (Table 3).<br>5. In the genus Plusia, the pattern of appearance of black spots or black colouration on the head, legs, pinacula or skin points of the larvae seems not to be constant within a species, and wide-range intraspecific variations exist depending on the degree of cuticular melanization. In P. nigrisigna, it seems that neither temperature nor population density can be regarded as the main factor responsible for the variation of the colouration.<br>6. The pupae showed marked differences in colouration depending on the degree of cuticular melanization. This degree of melanization was shown to be directly dependent upon temperature during the larval period. The pupae were yellowish brown when reared at 30°C during their larval period, deep black at about 20°C or lower, and intermediate in colour at 25°C (Table 4 and Plate 1).

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