ミカンの冬葉におけるヤノネカイガラムシの分布型

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  • Distribution of the Overwintering Arrow-head Scale, <i>Prontaspis yanonensis</i> KUWANA, on the Satsuma Orange Leaves
  • ミカン ノ フユ ヨウ ニ オケル ヤノネカイガラムシ ノ ブンプガタ

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Population counts of the overwintering females of the arrow-head scale, Prontaspis yanonensis KUWANA, were conducted at nineteen Satsuma (=mandarin) orange orchards distributed over two areas of Shizuoka Prefecture. Fifty-leaf samples were randomly examined on each of five trees which were randomly chosen from each orchard. Examination of the data showed following results.<br>1) A quadratic curvilinear relationship between the mean and the variance (Fig. 1) suggested the contagious distribution of the mature adult of the arrow-head scale. According to the BLISS & OWEN'S (1958) method, a common k of the negative binomial distribution for all the 50-leaf samples (excepting those shown by circles with oblique lines) was estimated to be 0.4611 (Table 1). Distributions of the second instar larvae were also well represented by the negative binomial series with a same common k (Fig. 3, solid circle), while in distributions for total insects involving all the developmental stages, variances were more scattered (Fig. 3, hollow circle).<br>2) The analysis of variance for fourty-five trees from Nishiura area made after the log-transformation of the data showed that both the inter-orchard and the inter-tree variances were highly significant (Table 2). Because of this large inter-tree variance, it was suggested that 20-leaf samples from each of 20 trees would be needed for 10 per cent precision (Table 3).<br>3) In the negative binomial series with a common k, mean number of insect per leaf can be estimated from the per cent of insect-free leaves to the total leaves examined. Relationship between the mean and the per cent of insect-free leaves was shown in Fig. 4.<br>4) A preliminary test of the sequential plan was made using leaf-samples randomly taken from coded populations of which means were known. The results showed clear usefulness of the sequential technique in the field surveys of this insect (Fig. 5). The average sample number curves were calculated following MORRIS' (1954) formulae (Fig. 6).

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