モンシロチョウの卵・幼虫個体群における空間的分布の変化とその原因

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  • On the Spatial Disribution of <i>Pieris rapae crucivora</i> Population
  • モンシロチョウ ノ タマゴ ヨウチュウ コタイグン ニ オケル クウカンテキ ブンプ ノ ヘンカ ト ソノ ゲンイン

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In the present paper, the authors attempted a consideration on the density-dependency of some factors that affect the mortality of Pieris rapae crucivora, based on the survey data reported in the previous paper (ITô, MIYASHITA & GOTOH, 1960).<br>Counts of the eggs and the larvae on cabbage plants grown on an experimental plot covered with a net, showed somewhat biased spatial distributions as shown in Fig. 1, because ovipositing butterflies congregated near the periphery of the plot. The type of distributions could by no means be regarded as identical with that observed under open conditions. By omitting the plants grown on the periphery, however, the type of distributions became similar to that observed under open conditions reported by UTIDA et al. (1952). Indices of variance (s2/x) of the number of individuals per plant decreased as the insect grew.<br>Such a shift from contagious to spaced distribution was attributable to the density-proportional mortality at the egg and the first larval stages, destruction of the eggs laid in masses on peripheral plants, and density-dependent mortality and movement of mature larvae. In the second brood, the movement of larvae from larva-crowded to less crowded plants was a major factor in spacing the mature larvae, while, in the third brood, mortality by infectious diseases was thought to be the predominant factor.

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