マメシンクイガによる大豆の不稔について

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  • The Occurrence of Embryoless Seeds in Soybean Varieties in Relation to the Feeding of the Soybean Pod Borer, <i>Grapholitha glycinivorella</i> MATSUMURA
  • マメシンクイガ ニ ヨル ダイズ ノ フネン ニ ツイテ

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In view of the previous experiment showing that the embryoless seeds in soybean varieties are increased with the number of the borer eggs deposited artificially (NISHIJIMA, 1954), an investigation is undertaken to ascertain whether the soybean sterility occurs or not by the feeding of the soybean pod borer, Grapholitha glycinivorella MATSUMURA, under the field conditions. The results are summarized as follows.<br>In the funicular part of a seed, a small feeding trace of the borer, like a pinhole, is often observed when the first instar larva entered into the pod and died before feeding the seed. In such a case, it is found that the seed becomes an “embryoless seed” which is considered here.<br>It is shown that the embryoless seed occurs independently of the variation in the numbers of pod, seed-room and the entrance hole of the borer found along the sutural part of the pod. The percentage of the embryoless seeds to the total number of injured seeds differs significantly with the varieties tested, showing higher percentage in a strain of “Nagaha-Daizu” than others.<br>The embryoless seed is mostly found in the second seed-room, while that having no symptom in the funicle is in the first one. This indicates that in the majority of cases the embryoless seeds are caused by the pinhole injury of the borer. An experiment giving an artificial pinhole in the funicle shows that the seed stops its growth if the treatment is given in young stage of the seed. Some possible factors causing the embryoless seed are discussed. It is suggested that the embryoless seed is the result of mechanical injury in the funicle.

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