関東地方におけるダイズサヤタマバエとその寄生蜂およびそれらの発生消長について

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  • Occurrence of the Soy Been Pod Gall Midge and Its Hymenopterous Parasites in Kanto District, and Notes on the Parasites
  • カントウ チホウ ニ オケル ダイズサヤタマバエ ト ソノ キセイバチ オヨビ ソレラ ノ ハッセイ ショウチョウ ニ ツイテ

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The soy-bean pod gall midge, Asphondylis sp., has become a very important pest of the soy-bean in Japan, since it was first reported by KANZAWA (1924) in Yamanashi pref. However, life history of the midge has not been well elucidated. This experiment was made as one of the studies on life history of the midge.<br>During the years 1955, 1956 and 1957, investigations were conducted at Konosu, Saitama. Ten soy bean varieties showing weak resistance to the midge were chosen among the early, medium and late varieties, and were sowed three times. These gave chances of egg deposition to the midges from June to September during the period of adult emergence. Populations of larvae and pupae of the soy-bean pod gall midge and their hymenopterous parasites in inside of the pods were observed periodically at about 5 day intervals.<br>Occurrence of the midges had a long period from early summer to late autum. A low fluctuation curve of occurrence was found during from the end of June to the middle of August. However, population increased very rapidly in the middle or at the end of August, and reached the highest peak in September of each years. A high population continued from the late August to the early October.<br>Four species of hymenopterous parasites as natural enemy of the soy-bean pod gall midge were reported; Tetrastichus sayatamabae, Phylomacroploea pleuralis, Pseudocatolaccus sayatamabae and Pseudocatolaccus sayatamabae. These species were found from the larvae of the pests reared at Konosu, Saitama.<br>Among these parasites the rate of parasitism of P. pleuralis was highest, the avarages being 13.5% in 1956, and 18.1% in 1957. T. sayatamabae followed this, 11.6% in 1956, and 12.3% in 1957. P. sayatamabae and P. tamabae were very rare.<br>Occurrence of the parasites began at the end of August, and population density was highest in the middle or the end of September.<br>Types of parasitism were found to be ectoparasitism in P. pleuralis, and endoparasitism in P. sayatamabae and in P. tamabae. But we could not well elucidate the type of parasitism as to T. sayatamabae.

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