Photoperiod as a Factor Inducing the Flight Form in the Population of the Southern Cowpea Weevil, <i>Callosobruchus maculatus</i>

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  • ヨツモンマメゾウムシの飛ぶ型の誘導因としての日長
  • ヨツモンマメゾウムシ ノ トブ カタ ノ ユウドウイン ト シテ ノ ヒナガ

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Abstract

It has already been shown that the flight form of the southern cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus, is induced by the rearing conditions during the larval stage, such as larval crowding and high temperature. In the present work, it was experimentally proved that the photoperiod is also one of the factors that induce the flight form. The flight form emerged in a high percentage under two extreme photoperiodic conditions, namely 24 hours light and 24 hours of darkness, and the flight form decreased gradually in its percentage with the change of the photoperiod to the intermediate zone, at which time the emergence of the flight form was almost zero percent. This photoperiodic reaction is illustrated by a U-shaped curve, which is rather different from the types known from published literature. It is also assumed from the results obtained that the appearance of the flight form in high frequencies at the dark side of the photoperiod may have a significant role in the adaptation of the insect to the stored condition of bean or cereal products.

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