Transmission of Rice Stripe Virus by a Delphacid Planthopper, <i>Delphacodes (?) albifascia</i> MATSUMURA, with Notes on the Development of the Vector Species

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  • HIRAO Jûtarô
    Environment Division, Chûgoku National Agricultural Experiment Station

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  • シロオビウンカのイネ縞枯病媒介ならびに発育生態
  • シロオビウンカ ノ イネジマコビョウ バイカイ ナラビニ ハツイク セイタイ

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The rice stripe virus could be acquired and transmitted to rice by both nymphs and adults of the delphacid species, Delphacodes (?) albifascia MATSUMURA. The virus was retained by the vector during its whole life span without fresh access to virus, however, transmission during this period was often intermittent and erratic. The acquisition threshold period was less than 30 minutes, and there was a latent period in the vector of 12 days in average. The highest percentage of transmission insects was 30%, while the percentage of viruliferous insects obtained by the hemagglutination tests was 80% in ordinal case. The virus was congentially transmitted through the eggs of the vector at a high rate. In the present species only brachypterous form was found in a field population. But laboratory rearing with a high density could produce macropterous form in both sexes, especially at a high rate in females. Nymphs could be reared on 19 graminaceous plants including important cereal crops such as rice, barley, and wheat. Among winter cereals wheat and rye were preferred significantly by adults. The incubation period lasted 14 days and nymphal period 19 days at 25°C. Most of adults were able to survive about five weeks and laid 100-200 eggs. Winter was passed by nymphs at the fourth instar in a state of diapause. The peak of adult emergence from the overwintered nymphs was on the first decade of April.

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