Fine intergranular surface cracks in bloom casting.

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The occurrence of fine intergranular surface cracks is investigated for the case of bloom section 260×260mm cast on a low head curved mold type four strand machine with 8m radius, based on EAF steel supply.<br>Crack incidence depends on residual elements primarily and can be reduced below critical levels by limiting the Cu content to max. 0.22% provided the application of optimized casting conditions.<br>The latter consist of a casting speed limit at about 1.0m/min, connected with a minimum mold powder consumption of 0.3kg/m2. Furthermore, high stability of mold level control and pouring stream directed toward the meniscus as well as soft indirect secondary cooling below the mold are also important, and, at low casting speeds, an increased mold taper appears to be beneficial, too.<br>On the other hand, soft mold cooling by reduced water velocity and increased wall thickness as well as wall plating and also total spray cooling intensity do not show significant effects. Replacement of mold powder by oil lubrication indicates a lesser sensitivity to residual content but is not practical due to occurrence of large depressions. No effect of C-content becomes apparent but increasing Al-content seems to enhance crack susceptibility.

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