Observations of seismic signals induced by snow avalanches

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  • IMANISHI Nobuyuki
    Institute of Low Temparature Science, Hokkaido University
  • NISHIMURA Kouichi
    Institute of Low Temparature Science, Hokkaido University Nagaoka Institute of Snow and Ice Studies, National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention
  • MORIYA Takeo
    Division of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University
  • YAMADA Tomomi
    Institute of Low Temparature Science, Hokkaido University

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Other Title
  • 地震動の観測による雪崩の研究
  • ジシンドウ ノ カンソク ニ ヨル ナダレ ノ ケンキュウ

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Since a seismic wave associated with a snow avalanche may contain considerable information about the avalanche itself, seismic observation using 4 seismographs was carried out at Toikanbetsu (N45°, E142°), Northern Hokkaido, Japan during 80 days from January to April 2001. This paper first discusses the characteristics of the sesmic signals. Second techniques to estimate the avalanche release point and its scale are developed. As a result of this observation, totally 50 seismic waves from full-depth avalanches were obtained. They correspond to 86% of all observed avalanches, which indicates that monitoring of avalanches with seismographs is useful. The shapes of waves from avalanches released at the same point are similar to each other. From frequency analyses of the seismic signals, a negative correlation is found between the dominant frequencies of the seismic signals and the distance from the avalanche release point to the location of the seismograph. On the other hand, the positive correlation is found between the total energy of the seismic wave and the avalanche mass. The results indicate that the avalanche release point and avalanche mass can be estimated.

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