Purification, Characterization, and Sequencing of Novel Antimicrobial Peptides,<i>Tu</i>-AMP 1 and<i>Tu</i>-AMP 2, from Bulbs of Tulip (<i>Tulipa gesneriana</i>L.)

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  • FUJIMURA Masatoshi
    Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
  • IDEGUCHI Mineo
    Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
  • MINAMI Yuji
    Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
  • WATANABE Keiichi
    Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University
  • TADERA Kenjiro
    Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University

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  • Purification, Characterization, and Sequencing of Novel Antimicrobial Peptides, Tu-AMP 1 and Tu-AMP 2, from Bulbs of Tulip (Tulipa gesneriana L.)

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Novel antimicrobial peptides (AMP), designated Tu-AMP 1 and Tu-AMP 2, were purified from the bulbs of tulip (Tulipa gesneriana L.) by chitin affinity chromatography and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). They bind to chitin in a reversible way. They were basic peptides having isoelectric points of over 12. Tu-AMP 1 and Tu-AMP 2 had molecular masses of 4,988 Da and 5,006 Da on MALDI-TOF MS analysis, and their extinction coefficients of 1% aqueous solutions at 280 nm were 3.3 and 3.4, respectively. Half of all amino acid residues of Tu-AMP 1 and Tu-AMP 2 were occupied by cysteine, arginine, lysine, and proline. The concentrations of peptides required for 50% inhibition (IC50) of the growth of plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi were 2 to 20 μg/ml. The structural characteristics of Tu-AMP 1 and Tu-AMP 2 indicated that they were novel thionin-like antimicrobial peptides, though Tu-AMP 2 was a heterodimer composes of two short peptides joined with disulfide bonds.

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