Induction of Apoptosis by Low-Molecular-Weight Fucoidan through Calcium- and Caspase-Dependent Mitochondrial Pathways in MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells

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  • ZHANG Zhongyuan
    Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University
  • TERUYA Kiichiro
    Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University
  • ETO Hiroshi
    Daiichi Sangyo Co., Ltd.
  • SHIRAHATA Sanetaka
    Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University

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Abstract

Fucoidan, a fucose-rich polysaccharide extracted from brown seaweed, has antitumor, anticoagulant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities. Several studies have shown that a fucoidan treatment of cancer cells induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis and inhibited angiogenesis and invasion. We investigated in the present study the effect of low-molecular-weight fucoidan (LMWF) on apoptosis in estrogen receptor-negative MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. The LMWF treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells was associated with the activation of caspases and mitochondrial dysfunction, including dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), alteration of Ca2+ homeostasis, cytochrome c release, and decreased expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins. Understanding the molecular events that mediated LMWF-induced MDA-MB-231 cell death will contribute to a more rational approach to cancer chemotherapy.

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