Induction of Apoptosis in Human Lung Carcinoma A549 Epithelial Cells with an Ethanol Extract of<i>Tremella mesenterica</i>

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  • CHEN Nan-Yin
    Department of Bioindustry Technology, Da-Yeh University Department of Food Nutrition, Chung-Hwa University of Medical Technology
  • LAI Hsi-Huai
    Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Hwa University of Medical Technology
  • HSU Tai-Hao
    Department of Bioindustry Technology, Da-Yeh University
  • LIN Fang-Yi
    Department of Bioindustry Technology, Da-Yeh University
  • CHEN Jian-Zhi
    Department of Bioindustry Technology, Da-Yeh University
  • LO Hui-Chen
    Department of Bioscience Technology, Chang-Jung Christian University Department of Medical Education and Research, Changhua Christian Hospital

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  • Induction of Apoptosis in Human Lung Carcinoma A549 Epithelial Cells with an Ethanol Extract of Tremella mesenterica

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Tremella mesenterica (TM) is a common food and folk medicine widely used in several Asian countries as a tonic for the lungs. In the present study, we compared the effects of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), intracellular polysaccharides (IPS), and ethanol extract (EE) of Tremella mesenterica on the induction of apoptosis into human lung carcinoma A549 epithelial cells. The EE, but not the EPS or the IPS, almost completely inhibited the growth of A549 cells. The results of Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and flow cytometric analysis indicated that the percentage of Annexin V+/PI− cells in EE-treated cells increased to 32.8%. The results of further investigation showed a disruption of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm), the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the activation of caspase-3 protein in EE-treated cells. These findings suggest that EE can decrease cell viability and induce apoptosis in A549 cell lines by activating a mitochondrial pathway.

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