Active faults in the Rokko Mountains, Awaji Island and Osaka Bay area, and Quaternary development of the Osaka and Harimanada sedimentary basins, western Japan

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  • Katoh Shigehiro
    Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo
  • Okada Atsumasa
    Center for Promotion of the COE (Research Center for Disaster Mitigation of Urban Cultural Heritage), Ritsumeikan University
  • Sangawa Akira
    Kansai Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

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  • 大阪湾と六甲山，淡路島周辺の活断層と第四紀における大阪・播磨灘堆積盆地の形成過程
  • オオサカワン ト ロッコウサン アワジシマ シュウヘン ノ カツダンソウ ト ダイ4キ ニ オケル オオサカ ハリマナダ タイセキ ボンチ ノ ケイセイ カテイ

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Abstract

The Osaka and Harimanada sedimentary basins occupy the eastern part of the Setouchi lowland area. These basins are marked by many Quaternary active faults such as the Arima-Takatsuki, Rokko-Awajishima, and Osaka-wan fault zones along their basin margins. This fact suggests that the formation of these sedimentary basins has a genetic relation to the faults. The Osaka sedimentary basin initiated around 3.3-3.5 Ma, and occupied the southwestern half of the present basin with an ENE-WSW major axis, spreading over the central part of Awaji Island to Kishiwada area. Between 1 and 2 Ma, the Osaka-wan fault zone including the Wadamisaki and Maya faults, and active faults along the eastern and western sides of Awaji Island and the western foot of the Rokko Mountains, initiated probably as reverse faults. This resulted in the northeastward spreading of the basin. Between 0.4 and 1 Ma, active faults along the northwestern edge of the Osaka sedimentary basin were intensified as right-lateral strike-slip faults. Reverse faulting along the east and southeastern foot of the Rokko Mountains was also intensified, due to the increasing local E-W compressive stress field. Both activities induced the westward tilting of the Rokko Mountains and its western area, and caused the very slow subsidence of the Harimanada sedimentary basin. After 0.4 Ma, seawater invaded the basin during the high sea-level stands at interglacial periods through the Akashi Straight formed in association with the intense right-lateral faulting of the Rokko-Awajishima fault zone.

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