Termination of Last Glacial Period and the Formation and Development of Jomon Culture in Japan. A Land Ecosystem in the Transition to the Jomon Age.

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  • 最終氷期の終えんと縄文文化の成立・展開　　縄文時代への移行期における陸上生態系
  • ジョウモン ジダイ エ ノ イコウキ ニ オケル リクジョウ セイタイケイ

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Abstract

To elucidate the relationship between the formation and development of Jomon culture and an ecosystom change, many data on a drastic vegetational change from the Late Glacial to Postglacial in the Japanese Archipelago have been compiled and reviewed. In the Kanto district and in central to west Japan, three transitional stages to the lucidophyllous forest stage (after 8, 000yrs BP) were established: temperate conifer and Qurecus serrata-Carpinus type broad-leaved forest stage (13, 000-12, 000 to 10, 000yrs BP), Quercus serrata-Carpinus type broad-leaved forest stage (10, 000 to 9, 000yrs BP), and Celtis sinensise-Zelkova serrata type broad-leaved forest stage (9, 000 to 8, 000yrs BP). In the Tohoku and Hokkaido districts, two stages to the Fagus-Lepidobalanus forest or Lepidobalanus forest stage (after 8, 000yrs BP) were established: temperate and subboreal conifer forest stage (13, 000-12, 000 to 10, 000yrs BP), Betula and Alnus forest stage (10, 000 to 8, 000yrs BP). The formation of Jomon culture had a strong relation to an expansion of the broad-leaved forest, because the change at 10, 000yrs BP was most drastic, and coincided with the beginning of the Jomon period. Southwest Japan, in which Quercus serrata-Carpinus type broad-leaved forest widely expanded early, was one of the formation centers of Jomon culture.

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