Paleovegetation distribution in the latest stage of the Last Glacial Maximum in a hilly area in north Kanto district : Reconstruction from plant fossil assemblages in Nakazato, Utsunomiya City, central Japan

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  • 最終氷期最寒冷期末期の北関東丘陵域における古植生分布─宇都宮市中里の植物化石群からの復元─
  • 最終氷期最寒冷期末期の北関東丘陵域における古植生分布 : 宇都宮市中里の植物化石群からの復元
  • サイシュウヒョウキ サイカンレイ キマツキ ノ キタカントウ キュウリョウイキ ニ オケル コショクセイ ブンプ : ウツノミヤシ ジュウ サト ノ ショクブツ カセキグン カラ ノ フクゲン

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Abstract

Paleovegetation during the latest stage of the last glacial maximum (LGM ; 20,300-16,600cal BP) was reconstructed based on pollen and plant macrofossil assemblages from a deposit on a hill in a small valley with a very limited upstream watershed in Nakazato, Utsunomiya City, central Japan. The macrofossil assemblages represented local vegetation on the valley slope and were composed mainly of trees dominant in modern subalpine forests, such as Picea jezoensis var. hondoensis, Tsuga diversifolia, Abies veitchii, and Betula ermanii. The coniferous forest included cool temperate deciduous broad-leaved trees such as Acer amoenum, A. mono, and Prunus, and the forest floor was covered by bryophytes and ferns. After 18,800calBP, pinaceous conifer pollen decreased and Betula, Carpinus-Ostrya, Ulmus-Zelkova, Acer, and Tilia pollen increased, indicating an increase in deciduous broad-leaved trees in lower altitude areas with warming of the climate following the LGM termination (〜19,000calBP). Based on comparison with other plant macrofossil assemblages reported from various altitudes in central Japan representative of the LGM, the plant macrofossil assemblages in Nakazato dominated by modern subalpine forest elements are assumed to represent the species composition of forests on the slopes of hills and mountains during the LGM. On the other hand, Picea sect. Picea, Larix, and Pinus koraiensis representative of plant macrofossil assemblages during LGM in central Japan comprised mixed coniferous and deciduous broad-leaved forest distributed mainly in and around wetlands in the floodplains of rivers in lowland areas.

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