Solidification Structures of High Chromium-Vanadium Cast Irons

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  • 含バナジウム高クロム鋳鉄の凝固組織
  • ガン バナジウム コウ クロム チュウテツ ノ ギョウコ ソシキ

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Abstract

  In order to clarify how the solidification structure of 5%Cr and 15%Cr cast irons differs with the vanadium and carbon content as well as the cooling rate, Fe-Cr-V-C alloys were solidified unidirectionally in exothermic mold (30 mmφ×70 mm) placed on top of water cooled copper chill plate. The vanadium and carbon content of the alloys were 0 to 8%V and 1.6 to 3.1%C, respectively. Freezing process of the alloys was also studied by thermal analysis and quenching experiment. The constitutional diagrams for the primaries of Fe-5%Cr-base alloys and those of Fe-15%Cr-base alloys were established. Eutectic reactions (L→δ+VC, L→γ+VC, L→γ+M7C3 and L→γ+M3C) and a peritectic-eutectic reaction (L+M7C3) take place in the Fe-5%Cr-base alloys, while eutectic reactions (L→δ+VC, L→γ+VC and VC→γ+L→γ+M7C3) and a peritectic-eutectic reaction (L+VC→γ+M7C3) occur in the Fe-15%Cr-base alloys. Eutectic VC carbides crystallize in the form of granules and fine rods. They distribute along primary dendrite arms or form spherical eutectic cells together with δ or γ. As the vanadium content increases, the amount of VC carbides increases and that of M7C3 carbides decreases. The solidification structures of the cast specimens change from one with directionality to the equiaxed ones with the increase of eutectic VC carbides.

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