セルロースとキトサンの複合化による生分解性プラスチックの開発

DOI Web Site 参考文献67件

書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Biodegradable Plastics Derived from Cellulose and Chitosan.
  • セルロース ト キトサン ノ フクゴウカ ニ ヨル セイブンカイセイ プラスチ
公開日
1995
DOI
  • 10.2524/jtappij.49.671
公開者
紙パルプ技術協会

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説明

Recently environment pollution caused by waste plastics has become a global problem. One of the countermeasure has been directed to biodegradable plastics that are decomposed within soils, and some biodegradable plastics have been proposed. Natural polymers such as cellulose are decomposed with microorganisms in soil and the decomposed materials will not pollute the environment. Judging from the capability to be decomposed, natural polymers, which exist in nature abundantly, should be excellent biodegradable plastics materials. In this regard, we have developed new biodegradable plastics by making natural polymers into composites. The materials are finely divided cellulose and chitosan that is produced by deacetylation of chitin. Here, the novel biodegradable plastics developed by us and their applications are reported.<BR>Cellulose, when suspended with water, becomes anionic in the surface by actions of hydroxy group and a trace amount of carboxyl group in cellulose. On the other hand, while chitosan is insoluble in water, its salts such as with acetic acid become water-soluble and cationic. Chitosan has good affinity with cellulose because of the similarity in structure. Taking advantage of these characteristics, we have developed high performance papers and biodegradable plastics.<BR>Cellulose-chitosan composite film demonstrate higher strength than general purpose plastic films, and wet strength peak when chitosan content is 10-20%. The relatively small amount of chitosan needed is economically convenient because chitosan is more expensive than cellulose. This film biodegrade well in soil, completely dissolving and disappearing in two months. Biodegradability is influenced by the temperature used in thermal treatment the film, the quantity of acid groups in the cellulose, and other factors. These characteristics will be used to control decomposition. Since cellulose-chitosan plastics are not thermo-plastics, we have been working on joint research with companies to produce films, nonwoven fabrics and foams. We discuss here the properties and application of these composite moldings.

収録刊行物

  • 紙パ技協誌

    紙パ技協誌 49 (4), 671-685, 1995

    紙パルプ技術協会

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