Degassing activity from Iwodake rhyolitic cone, Satsuma-Iwajima volcano, Japan: Formation of a new degassing vent, 1990-1999

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タイトル別名
  • Degassing activity from Iwodake rhyolitic cone, Satsuma-Iwojima volcano, Japan: Formation of a new degassing vent, 1990-1999
  • Degassing activity from Iwodake rhyolitic cone, Satsuma-Iwojima volcano, Japan: Formation of new degassing vent, 1990–1999: Earth
  • Degassing activity from Iwodakerhyolitic cone, Satsuma-Iwojima volcano, Japan: formation of new degassing vent, 1990–1999
  • Satsuma-Iwojima volcano, Japan: formation of a new degassing vent, 1990–1999
公開日
2002
DOI
  • 10.1186/bf03353017
公開者
地球電磁気・地球惑星圏学会 、公益社団法人 日本地震学会、特定非営利活動法人 日本火山学会、日本測地学会、日本惑星科学会

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説明

Large changes in the surface manifestation of degassing activity were observed from 1990 to 1999 at the summit crater of Iwodake cone of Satsuma-Iwojima volcano. During this period, a new high-temperature fumarolic area formed in the center of the crater floor and became a degassing vent with a diameter of 40 m. Altered volcanic rocks were ejected during the course of vent formation. Although glass fragments were observed in the ejected ash, the glass comes from altered Iwodake rhyolite that covers the crater floor. The highest fumarolic temperature and equilibrium temperatures of volcanic gases had a maximum of about 900°C at the beginning of the vent formation. The flux of SO2, measured by COSPEC, varied from 300 to 700 ton/day and correlated directly with maximum fumarole temperature. During this period, open fractures formed along the southern rim of the crater almost contemporaneously with the vent formation and changes in the nature of fumarolic discharges. The continuous and intense degassing at Satsuma-Iwojima is likely caused by volatile transport from a deep magma chamber through a convecting magma column. An increase in the magma convection rate might have caused these large changes in surface manifestations, including increase in the SO2 flux and fumarolic temperatures, ground deformation, and the vent formation.

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