Petrological and mineralogical characterizations of jadeite-bearing rocks from the Mikabu greenstones in the Shimonita area, Kanto Mountains, Central Japan

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  • 群馬県下仁田地域に分布する御荷鉾緑色岩類中のひすい輝石とその岩石鉱物学的特徴
  • グンマケン シモニタ チイキ ニ ブンプ スル ゴ カ ホコ リョクショクガンルイ チュウ ノ ヒス イ キセキ ト ソノ ガンセキ コウブツガクテキ トクチョウ

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Jadeite-bearing meta-basalt occur within a greenstone complex at the southern margin of the Mikabu greenstones in the Shimonita area, northern Kanto Mountains, Central Japan. The greenstone complex shows a block-in-matrix structure consisting of small, sporadically occurring greenstone blocks (jadeite-bearing meta-basaltic lavas, jadeite-free pargasite rocks, and jadeite-free garnet-epidote rocks) embedded within a matrix of actinolite rocks. The complex has been interpreted as a tectonic mélange composed of allochthonous metamorphic blocks within the Mikabu greenstones. However, both the greenstone blocks and actinolite rocks preserve original igneous or pyroclastic textures without the deformation structures commonly seen in tectonic mélanges. The concentrations of high field strength (HFS) elements within the jadeite-bearing lavas indicate that these rocks are alkali basalts derived from oceanic island basalt (OIB). The composition of these lavas is similar to that of OIB blocks in the Mikabu greenstones in Shikoku, western Japan. The whole-rock chemical composition of the lavas reveals higher Na2O concentrations (max. 10.1 wt%) than in unmetamorphosed Hawaiian OIB alkali basalts. The actinolite rocks of the matrix show a pyroclastic texture and contain relic Ca-pyroxenes. The concentrations of HFS elements and pyroxene chemistry of the actinolite rocks indicate an origin from tholeiitic MORB, similar in composition to typical Mikabu greenstones in the Kanto Mountains and Shikoku. These observations strongly suggest that the greenstone complex is not a tectonic mélange comprising allochthonous metamorphic rocks within a matrix of Mikabu greenstones, but that the entire complex consists of Mikabu greenstones. Therefore, the complex was subjected to Sanbagawa metamorphism after a Na-enrichment event; jadeite grew in Na-rich blocks during the metamorphism.<br>

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