Clinical evaluation of malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia

DOI Web Site 3 Citations 17 References
  • TSUSHIMA Fumihiko
    Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
  • SAKURAI Jinkyo
    Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
  • SATO Masaru
    Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
  • SUDA Yuri
    Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
  • TANAKA Kae
    Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
  • TOMIOKA Hirofumi
    Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
  • SHIMAMOTO Hiroaki
    Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
  • NAKAJIMA Yusuke
    Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
  • HARADA Hiroyuki
    Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
  • OMURA Ken
    Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University

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Other Title
  • 口腔白板症の癌化に関する臨床的検討
  • コウコウ ハクバンショウ ノ ガンカ ニ カンスル リンショウテキ ケントウ

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine clinical risk factors of oral leukoplakia that were associated with malignant transformation. A total of 512 patients (554 lesions) with clinical and histopathological diagnoses of oral leukoplakia who presented at our department from 2001 through 2010 were retrospectively studied. They consisted of 278 males and 234 females 11 to 84 years of age (median, 61 years). The mean follow-up was 36 months. The sites of oral leukoplakia included the tongue (176 lesions), gingiva (219 lesions), buccal mucosa (76 lesions), hard palate (50 lesions), soft palate (21 lesions), lips (7 lesions), and floor of the mouth (5 lesions). Squamous cell carcinoma developed in 13 of the 512 patients during follow-up. The development occurred after a mean period of 39 months (range, 9 to 91 months). The sites of malignant transformation included the ventral aspect of the tongue (10 lesions), gingiva (1 lesion), buccal mucosa (1 lesion), and soft palate (1 lesion). In 9 of these 13 malignant lesions, the clinical type of oral leukoplakia was non-homogeneous. The degree of epithelial dysplasia was none (2 lesions), mild (5 lesions), or moderate (6 lesions). On univariate analysis, site, clinical type, and treatment significantly correlated with malignant transformation. On multivariate analysis, these 3 factors retained their statistical significance. The cumulative malignant transformation rate was 5.6% at 5 years and 8.7% at 10 years.

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