Flow in a Pipe Fitting : Part 1-Flow Mechanism in a Pipe Fitting with Branching Angle of 90-deg. in Laminar Flow

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  • 割込み型分岐管内の流れ : 第1報-分岐角度が90°で層流の場合における流動機構
  • 割込み型分岐管内の流れ-1-分岐角度が90°で層流の場合における流動機構
  • ワリコミガタ ブンキカンナイ ノ ナガレ 1 ブンキ カクド ガ 90 デ ソ

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Abstract

A pipe fitting is one of the most fundamental pipe joints frequently used in an air duct system and a mechanical piping system. The results of many investigations on the flow in a pipe fitting have already been reported. As a result, excellent experimental formulae for the coefficient of energy loss have been obtained. But, the mechanism of the flow in a pipe fitting does not seem to have been discussed. The authors have made a series of studies on the dividing flow mechanism in a pipe junction and have compared the theoretical results with the experimental results. Both results coincide fairly well. This paper investigates the flow mechanism of the laminar flow in a pipe fitting with a 90° branching angle, a few areal ratios and sharp-edged corners at the lateral entrance, which is one of the most fundamental shapes, in the same manner as those applied to a pipe junction, before investigating its shape with small energy loss. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The flow in a pipe fitting with two-dimensional conduit was analyzed by using the free-streamline theory. 2) The separation point on the wall of the main conduit in the laminar flow was analyzed by the boundary theory. 3) The flow mechanism in a real pipe junction was observed by a flow visualization technique. 4) The analytical results were compared with the experimental results. Both results coincide fairly well.

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