Meaning of "Healthy Eating Habit" for Working People in Japan

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  • 有職者における健康的な食生活の意味付け
  • ユウショクシャ ニ オケル ケンコウテキ ナ ショク セイカツ ノ イミヅケ

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Abstract

The meaning of a “healthy eating habit” among working people in Japan was investigated. Two studies were conducted in the worksite setting. In the first study, open-ended interviews were conducted with 36 individuals to gather qualitative data on the perception of “healthy” and “unhealthy” eating habits. In the second study, a questionnaire survey was conducted (n=365) to assess the extent to which different types of eating-related behavior, which had been reported in the first study, were perceived important, and actually practiced in daily life as part of a healthy eating habit. The participants had correct knowledge of a healthy eating habit which was consistent with current dietary guidelines. They tended to interpret a healthy eating habit in terms of their working style and health condition. A principal component analysis revealed that the perceived importance and actual behavior had similar component structures consisting of five factors. Some differences in the perceived importance and actual behavior were found as a function of age and gender. The participants in their twenties showed lower perceived importance and unhealthier behavior than their older counterparts. The findings of this study may provide a basis for understanding the eating-related lifestyle of an employee and for planning an intervention program in the worksite setting.

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