Further Characterization of Frankia sp. 13-3-2 and Its Inoculation Tests onto Oobayashabushi (Alnus sieboldiana)

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  • フランキア13-3-2株の菌学的特性とオオバヤシャブシに対する接種試験
  • フランキア 13-3-2 カブ ノ キンガクテキ トクセイ ト オオバヤシャブ

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Abstract

Previously, we established an effective method for the isolation and purification of Frankia-like microbial strain from root-nodules of wild Oobayashabushi plants (Alnus sieboldiana) aseptically grown in a test tube. The isolated strain had high activities both in forming root-nodule and in fixing dinitrogen, which enhanced the growth of the host plant in a test tube. In this report, we present a further characterization of the Frankia-like microbial strain which we have named Frankia sp. 13-3-2. We also show the inoculation tests under various environmental conditions. The results obtained are as follows : [1]Taxonomic characters of Frankia sp. 13-3-2 (1) Morphology…The mycelia had branches with no aerial mycelium either in liquid culture condition or on agar one. They form strawberry-shaped or short cylindrical sporangia containing scores of spores. (2) Cell chemistry…Diaminopimelic acid : meso-form ; diagnostic sugars : xylose, galactose and rhamnose ; phospholipid : PI-form ; menaquinone : MK_9(H_4), MK_9(h_6) and MK_9(H_8) ; mycolic acid : undetected. (3) Cultural character…the substrate mycelia and the soluble pigment were grayish yellow-brown (both in liquid and under agar culture conditions). (4) Physiology…O_2 demands : microaerophilic ; growth temperature : range of 20-40℃ ; melanin : not produced : nutritional versatility : utilize various nitrogen and carbon sources. [2]Inoculation tests on Oobayashabushi plants (1) Tube-culture condition (a) Effect of nitrate…The root-nodule formation is inversely related to NO_3^- concentration in culture medium. (b) pH dependency…Test plants began to from nodules at pH 3.6 and all of the test plants bore nodules in the pH range 4.0 to 9.3. (2) Pot culture condition (a) Vermiculite culture…All the plants formed the root-nodules and their growth was remarkably higher than that of control plants. (uninoculated). (b) Soil culture…Nodules were formed in 88% of the test plants, and the nodulated plants showed high nitrogen fixing activity and their growth was markedly higher than that of control plants (uninoculated), of which became yellow, indicating a deficiency of nitrogen. These results indicate clearly the possibility for the utilization of Frankia sp. 13-3-2 to green our environments, by which we can reduce unfavorable loads of chemical fertilizer to the nature.

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