酸性沈着による土壌化学性変化のダイナミックモデルによる予測 : 野外調査結果への適用による酸緩衝機構に関する検討

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  • Prediction of Soil Chemistry Changes Due to Acidic Deposition with a Dynamic Model : Evaluation of the Buffering Mechanisms Regulating Soil Chemistry Based on the Model Application to Field Surveys
  • サンセイ チンチャク ニ ヨル ドジョウ カガクセイ ヘンカ ノ ダイナミック モデル ニ ヨル ヨソク ヤガイ チョウサ ケッカ エ ノ テキヨウ ニ ヨル サン カンショウ キコウ ニ カンスル ケントウ

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A dynamic model predicting soil acidification was applied to field measurements to evaluate the model applicability as a tool for identifying buffering mechanisms regulating soil chemistry changes. Temporal changes of pH and ion concentrations of soil solutions were estimated with a model for two sites that were a red pine stand in Kannondai, Tsukuba, and a deciduous stand in Yasato, regarding percolated water through litter layers as acid load to the soil. Nutrient uptakes by plant, mineral weathering, organic matter mineralization, etc., were treated in the lump as the consumption or production of the elements. Assuming a constant net consumption rate by these processes, prediction of changes in nitrate and base cation concentrations corresponded well to the measurements for Kannondai. Seasonal change in nutrient uptake was considered to offset the changes in mineral weathering and organic matter mineralization. On the contrary, seasonal changes in the net consumption rates had to be introduced in order to reproduce the measured values in Yasato. This suggested the larger contribution of the seasonal changes in nutrientent uptake to the soil chemistry changes in the deciduous stand. The virtual simulation without taking each buffering mechanism into consideration indicated that the cation exchange process was primarily important for the prediction of soil solution pH.

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