Use of fish bone meal amendments to immobilize soil heavy metals and inhibit their absorption by plants

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  • 魚骨粉資材を利用した土壌中重金属の不溶化と植物への吸収抑制効果
  • ギョコツフン シザイ オ リヨウ シタ ドジョウ チュウ ジュウキンゾク ノ フヨウカ ト ショクブツ エ ノ キュウシュウ ヨクセイ コウカ

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Abstract

Contamination of soil with heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, and zinc is a major environmental problem around the world. Crops cultivated in contaminated soil can absorb high concentrations of heavy metals; so the contaminated soils must be remediated. In situ immobilization of heavy metals is an inexpensive, quick soil remediation technique. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of amending contaminated soil with hydroxyapatite (HAp) prepared from fish bone meal and adding secondary materials (such as lime) to immobilize heavy metals and inhibit their absorption by plants. We carried out pot experiments with spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.); experiments were conducted three times to assess changes in the effectiveness over time. When contaminated soil was amended with HAp, the soil pH increased, the exchangeable heavy metal fraction became smaller, and the amounts of heavy metals bonded to inorganic sites and to the residual fraction increased. The cadmium and zinc contents in spinach were decreased by amending the soil with HAp and lime. Lead was not detectable in any of the spinach samples. After the third experiment, the mobility and the content of heavy metals in the area of the soil that had been treated with HAp and lime was lower than in the untreated area. We concluded that HAp prepared from fish bone meal strongly immobilizes heavy metals in contaminated soil and inhibits their absorption by plants grown in the soil.

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