混合液体の音速度と分子間力

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  • Sound Velocity and Intermolecular Force in Liquid Mixtures
  • コンゴウ エキタイ ノ オンソクド ト ブンシ カンリョク

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Intermolecular force in liquid mixtures has been computed for 100 mixtures employing the existing ultrasonic data and applying Altenburg's formula (Kolloid-Z. 117 (1950) 153) for the sound velocity in liquids derived on the assumption of a solid-lattice model. Result of the calculation indicates that the constant of the intermolecular attractive force ε_&ltAB&gt between two liquids A and B is independent of the concentration for about 30 liquid mixtures (Group A mixtures) for which the ratio between the force constants of the two component liquids is less than 4 (ε_&ltA&gt/ε_&ltB&gt≦4, or ε_&ltB&gt/ε_&ltA&gt≦4), or the ratio between the molar volumes of the component liquids is less than 1. 6. This indicates that the molecular arrangement (assumed as face-centered cubic) of the liquid does not charge by mixing of these mixtures. For about 40 mixtures (Group B mixtures) the force constant ε_&ltAB&gt obtained in this method shows a linear dependency on concentration, which, however, is presumably only apparent. This indicates that rather the molecular arrangement changes gradually with concentration for these liquid mixtures, due to the difference in force constants or the molar volumes of the component liquids. For about 30 other mixtures (Group C), the force constant ε_&ltAB&gt exhibits an apparently non-linear dependency on concentration, some of them indicating the structure change due to association or other effects.

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