Flexible development of techniques for coral reef restoration using asexual reproduction in the Coral Reef Preservation and Rehabilitation Project by Okinawa Prefectural Government, Japan

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  • HIGA Yoshimi
    Onna Village Fisheries Cooperative
  • SHINZATO Chuya
    Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University
  • ZAYASU Yuna
    Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University
  • NAGATA Tomofumi
    Okinawa Environment Science Center
  • NAKAMURA Ryota
    Fisheries Infrastructure Development Center
  • YOKOKURA Atsushi
    IDEA Consultants, Inc., Environment survey Department
  • JANADOU Satoshi
    Department of Environmental Affairs, Okinawa Prefectural Government
  • OMORI Makoto
    Emeritus Professor, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology

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Other Title
  • 沖縄県サンゴ礁保全再生事業における無性生殖を利用したサンゴの種苗生産と植込み技術の段階的進歩
  • オキナワケン サンゴショウホゼン サイセイ ジギョウ ニ オケル ムセイ セイショク オ リヨウ シタ サンゴ ノ シュビョウ セイサン ト ウエコミ ギジュツ ノ ダンカイテキ シンポ

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<p>The Coral Reef Preservation and Rehabilitation Project by Okinawa Prefectural Government, Japan, attempted to validate the possibility of large-scale reef restoration with asexually-derived corals and to establish refined methodologies of active coral reef restoration in Okinawa. Coral fragments taken from donor corals raised in donor farms were used. During 3-years of consecutive out-plantings from 2012 to 2014, about 30,000 non-nursery-farmed and nursery-farmed corals were out-planted in degraded reefs off the Onna Villege. Various outcomes were obtained through refinement of the reef restoration technique. The present study shows achievement of scientific research and technique based on the work until May 2017. The average annual growth rates of the 15 coral species out-planted in 2012 and 12 species in 2013 were 3.7cm and 7.5cm GMD, respectively; the rate out-planted has increased to 12.0cm GMD for the 6 selected species in 2014. The survival rate of the 2014 out-planted corals was more than 63% at 26 months after. Proper choice of species with respect to the restoration site, size of fragments, and the processes of nursery farming and out-planting are decisive factors for the success of coral out-planting. Genomic DNA analysis of Acropora tenuis indicated that substantial portions of clonal individuals existed in the farmed donor colonies. However, no clonal colonies were found in A. tenuis collected from neighboring waters, suggesting that the propagation of the species mainly takes place sexually in nature. The methodologies flexibly developed in the project comprises the following: 1) farming of donor corals; 2) finding suitable species and locations for out-planting; 3) genomic DNA analysis of donor colonies; 4) farming of seedling colonies; 5) out-planting design to advance fertilization and genetic diversity; and 6) long-term monitoring. Nearly 2,000 Yen (18 US$) per colony was required for the asexually-derived fragment farming, out-planting, and monitoring.</p>

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