Influence of Phosphate Fertilizer on Cadmium in Agricultural Soils and Crops(Symposium 3.5.1 Heavy Metal Contaminated Soils,<Special Issue>International Symposium: Soil Degradation Control, Remediation, and Reclamation, Tokyo Metropolitan University Symposium Series No.2, 2010)

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  • Influence of phosphate fertilizer on cadmium in agricultural soils and crops

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Phosphorus fertilizers contain cadmium (Cd) as a contaminant at levels varying from trace amounts to as much as 300mg Cd kg^<-1> of dry product, and therefore represent a major source of Cd input into agricultural systems. Cd will accumulate in soils if the amount of Cd introduced through fertilizer application exceeds that removed by crop harvest or other loss pathways, such as erosion, bioturbation, and leaching. Phosphate fertilizers may also influence Cd phytoavailability through fertilizer-induced changes in soil pH, osmotic strength of the soil solution, zinc availability, soil organic matter, rhizosphere chemistry, soil microbial activity, and plant growth. As both total Cd input into soil and fertilizer-induced changes in soil properties are a function of the rate of fertilizer application, management practices that improve fertilizer use efficiency should be adopted to minimize fertilizer inputs while maintaining high crop yield potential.

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