The transfer of radiocesium released in the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident to leaves of wild <i>Osmunda japonica</i>, an edible fern

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  • KIYONO Yoshiyuki
    Department of Plant Ecology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute
  • KOMATSU Masabumi
    Department of Mushroom Science and Forest Microbiology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute
  • AKAMA Akio
    Center for Forest Restoration and Radioecology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute
  • MATSUURA Toshiya
    Department of Forest Management, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute
  • HIROI Masaru
    Koriyama Women’s University
  • IWAYA Munehiko
    Japan Special Forest Product Promotion Association
  • FUTAMOTO Takashi
    Japan Special Forest Product Promotion Association

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Other Title
  • 2011年の福島第一原子力発電所事故で放出された放射性セシウムの野生ゼンマイ（<i>Osmunda japonica</i>）の葉への移行
  • 2011年の福島第一原子力発電所事故で放出された放射性セシウムの野生ゼンマイ(Osmunda japonica)の葉への移行
  • 2011ネン ノ フクシマ ダイイチ ゲンシリョク ハツデンショ ジコ デ ホウシュツ サレタ ホウシャセイ セシウム ノ ヤセイ ゼンマイ(Osmunda japonica)ノ ハ エ ノ イコウ

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Abstract

Following the Tokyo Electric Power Company’s Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident in March 2011, shipping restrictions were imposed on more than 10 Japanese edible wild-plant species (July 31, 2017) in which high levels of radiocesium (134+137Cs) were detected. However, few studies have examined radiocesium transfer from the environment to edible wild plants or the factors that affect this transfer; therefore, it is difficult to assess current criteria for determining whether shipping restrictions should remain in place. In this study, we sampled leaves of wild zenmai (Osmunda japonica), an edible fern, from 131 habitats in Koriyama, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, in July and August 2015. We also collected data for environmental factors that could affect 137Cs transfer to wild plants. Multiple regression analysis showed that zenmai leaf 137Cs concentrations had significant relationships with several environmental factors including litter 137Cs amounts, air dose rates, canopy coverage, and litter coverage. Using the latter three environmental factors as parameters, models to predict 137Cs concentrations in zenmai leaves were constructed using 100 samples and verified with the remaining 31 samples. The results showed low systematic error and high accuracy. However, model precision was low, with predicted values distributed between about 1/5 and 5 times observed values. Because the residual sums of squares between the measured and predicted values were large, we concluded that information about these three environmental factors could not reduce the number of samples required to cancel shipping restrictions on wild zenmai from the current standard (60) without also reducing prediction accuracy. Differences in phenology may have contributed to the variation in 137Cs concentrations observed in this study. Future studies should clarify the mechanism that causes this large variation.

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