Vegetation and climate changes during MIS 11 in southeastern Siberia based on pollen records from Lake Baikal sediment

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  • バイカル湖湖底堆積物の花粉分析に基づく南東シベリアにおける酸素同位体ステージ11の植生および気候変遷

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Abstract

Pollen records from Lake Baikal sediment cores provide vegetation and climate change data for the areas around northern and southern Lake Baikal between 450 and 350 kyr BP, including marine isotopic stage (MIS) 11, which is considered an analogue for predicting the natural climate for the near future. In the latter half of MIS12, herbaceous vegetation such as Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae was generally widespread, and coniferous taxa expanded in the northern region because of the lack of extensive mountain glaciation. In MIS11.3 coniferous forests dominated by Pinus and Picea included significant Larix in the northern region and significant Abies in the southern region. After MIS11.3 the expansion of mountain glaciers caused vegetation cover to be sparse in the northern region. Herbaceous vegetation with shrubby broad-leaved trees such as Alnus and Betula was generally dominant, but brief expansions of coniferous forests during MIS11.23 and MIS11.1 took place in the southern region. In comparison with interglacials that post-date MIS11, the duration of coniferous forest coverage during MIS11.3 was extremely long (>33 kyr). Moreover, the pollen assemblage of MIS11.3 differs from that of MIS1, with larger amounts of Abies and Pinus subgenus Haploxylon, which prefer humid conditions, suggesting a comparatively humid and warm climate during MIS11.3 in southeastern Siberia. In comparison with southern Europe, the duration of forest expansion appears to have been longer, and the change in forest vegetation was less pronounced, suggesting a stable terrestrial environment in the Lake Baikal region through MIS11.3.

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