Luteal blood flow measured by Doppler ultrasonography during the first three weeks after artificial insemination in pregnant and non-pregnant <i>Bos indicus</i> dairy cows

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  • HASSAN Mubbashar
    Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan Present: Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
  • ARSHAD Usman
    Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
  • BILAL Muhammad
    Department of Statistics and Computer Science, Faculty of Life Sciences and Business Management, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
  • SATTAR Abdul
    Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
  • AVAIS Muhammad
    Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
  • BOLLWEIN Heinrich
    Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
  • AHMAD Nasim
    Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan

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  • Luteal blood flow measured by Doppler ultrasonography during the first three weeks after artificial insemination in pregnant and non-pregnant Bos indicus dairy cows

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<p> The objective of this study was to determine if there are differences in luteal size (LS), progesterone (P4), and luteal blood flow (LBF) between pregnant and non-pregnant Bos indicus dairy cows during the first three weeks after insemination, and whether these parameters are related to each other. Lactating cows (n = 13) of mixed parity with a body weight of 430 ± 18 kg (mean ± SD), showing regular estrous cycle were used in the study. All cows were artificially inseminated and were classified as pregnant (embryonic heartbeat on day 30; n = 8) or non-pregnant (inter-estrus interval 17 to 21 days, n = 5). In order to compare the LS and LBF after artificial insemination, B-mode and color Doppler ultrasonography of ovaries were performed on days 4, 5, 6, 7 (first week), 8, 10, 12, 14, (second week), and 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 (third week) in pregnant and non-pregnant cows. Results revealed that the mean LBF was consistently higher (P < 0.05) during days 7 through 21 in pregnant cows than in non-pregnant cows. The mean LS was higher (P < 0.05) on days 6 and 7, and from day 17 onwards, and the mean concentration of P4 was higher (P < 0.05) on days 19, 20, and 21 in pregnant cows. In conclusion, LBF is a more sensitive parameter than LS and P4 for detection of differences in luteal function between pregnant and non-pregnant Bos indicus dairy cows during the first three weeks after AI.</p>

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