Measurement and Analysis of End-Use Consumption of Hot Water in Residential Dwellings

Aki Hirohisa, Iitaka Hiroshi, Tamura Itaru, Kegasa Akeshi, Hayakawa Hideki, Ishikawa Yoshiro, Yamamoto Shigeo, Sugimoto Ichiro

doi:10.24778/jjser.35.4_24

Energy consumption on hot water occupies 27.7 % of energy consumption in residential dwellings in Japan. Optimum operation of high efficient technologies such as combined heat and power systems or renewable energies, and encouragement of residents’ behavior to conserve energy are necessary to reduce energy consumption. Detailed data on end-use consumption of hot water is needed to develop optimum operation and analyze on residents’ behavior.<br> However, only few studies have been reported on hot water consumption, and detailed end-use consumption data has not been available. The electricity, city gas, and hot water consumption of six residential households were measured every two seconds in Osaka City for a period of four years. Detailed hot water consumption was measured directly by flow sensors and thermocouples. The consumption data was divided to end-use, bathtub filling, reheat of bathtub, and other such as shower or kitchen. The measured data was analyzed on the differences between households, the relationship to ambient temperature, and water consumption in relation to patterns of bathtub use. The frequency of bathtub use varies between households and seasons, and the use of the bathtub is one of the most significant factors in hot water consumption in residential dwellings.

Measurement and Analysis of End-Use Consumption of Hot Water in Residential Dwellings

Bibliographic Information

Description

Journal

Details 詳細情報について

Export

Report a problem