Standard nitrogen application rate based on yield and soil nitrogen fertility in a maize field

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  • 北海道における収量水準および窒素肥沃度に対応した飼料用トウモロコシの窒素施肥基準
  • ホッカイドウ ニ オケル シュウリョウ スイジュン オヨビ チッソ ヒヨクド ニ タイオウ シタ シリョウヨウ トウモロコシ ノ チッソ セヒ キジュン

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<p>The aim of the present study was to develop a standard nitrogen application rate based on yield and soil nitrogen fertility in a maize (Zea mays L.) field of whole crop silage in Hokkaido, Japan. Data from field trials undertaken in four districts were examined with respect to varying climatic conditions and soil types. Although the dry matter yields and nitrogen uptakes of the maize significantly varied among the districts, the nitrogen concentrations in plants were not significantly different. Consequently, it was concluded that target nitrogen uptake levels corresponding to specific yields could be determined regardless of the district. Additionally, it was determined that hot-water extractable nitrogen (HEN) could be used to evaluate soil nitrogen fertility in the maize fields.</p><p>Factors affecting the nitrogen uptake were examined using multiple regression analysis. A multiple regression equation based on the total nitrogen application rate and HEN could not predict the nitrogen uptake accurately. In contrast, an improved multiple regression equation based on the total nitrogen application rate, HEN value, and the potential yield (the maximum yield in each field) could predict nitrogen uptake accurately. This result was probably due to the yield level being affected by factors other than nitrogen (climatic conditions, cultural conditions, and soil physico-chemical properties) influencing the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer. The dry matter yield of each plot was estimated using a primary regression equation based on the predicted nitrogen uptake, which was calculated using the improved multiple regression equation.</p><p>The nitrogen application rate was determined using these two equations (the improved multiple regression and primary regression) substituted with the appropriate potential dry matter yields (target yields) and HEN values, and the calculated values are summarized in a table as nitrogen fertilizer application recommendations. The recommended nitrogen fertilizer application rates based on the achievable target yields and HEN values of each field could be used to facilitate effective nitrogen application in maize fields.</p>

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