Job-Hunting and Career Selection by University Students

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  • 大学生の進路選択と就職活動
  • ダイガクセイ ノ シンロ センタク ト シュウショク カツドウ

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Abstract

<p>　 Since the early 1990 s, there has been an increase in the number of the university graduates who have remained jobless for long periods or have become part-time workers, especially graduates of non-selective 4 year-universities （institutions which accept almost anyone who applies to them）which have increased over the same period. There are very few studies with reliable data which have attempted to analyze the process of job-hunting activities on the part of the students of such universities.</p><p>　 In this paper, I have tried to analyze by means of three large-scale studies the job-hunting process carried out by students at these universities and the career support provided. The findings are as follows.</p><p>　 First of all, the students at non-selective universities were slow in starting to search for a job, and contacted only a few companies. Graduates of non-selective universities in 1995 also contacted fewer companies than graduates of selective universities, but the starting time of the search process was almost the same in both cases, one year before graduation. However, students from selective universities were under constant peer pressure to bring forward the starting date.</p><p> 　 Secondly, the career services at many universities, with the cooperation of teachers, were well established in tackling job identification, and the students at non-selective universities make greater use of these services. Moreover, the usage had some effect in terms of raising the employment rate. The graduates in 1995 made less use of the career services.</p><p>　 Thirdly, the satisfaction of each student in the process of job-hunting was found to be lower for the students from non-selective institutions. Though what makes students satisfied was different in relation to the selectivity of the universities, the importance for all of encouragement to make an early start in searching for a job and study hard emerged clearly from the findings.</p>

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