Family Support for Parents of Persons Who Are Socially Withdrawn (Hikikomori) and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Examination of a Program Based on CRAFT by a Support Center for Persons with Developmental Disorders

DOI Web Site 1 Citations
  • Hirao Naoyuki
    Hyogo Prefectural Support Center for Developmental Disorders (ASD/ADHD/LD), Clover Kasai Branch
  • Inaba Ayano
    Hyogo Prefectural Support Center for Developmental Disorders (ASD/ADHD/LD), Clover Kasai Branch
  • Isawa Shinzo
    Hyogo University of Teacher Education

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Other Title
  • 自閉症スペクトラム障害特性を背景とするひきこもり状態にある人の家族支援—発達障害者支援センターにおけるCRAFT適用の検討—
  • 自閉症スペクトラム障害特性を背景とするひきこもり状態にある人の家族支援 : 発達障害者支援センターにおけるCRAFT適用の検討
  • ジヘイショウ スペクトラム ショウガイ トクセイ オ ハイケイ ト スル ヒキコモリ ジョウタイ ニ アル ヒト ノ カゾク シエン : ハッタツ ショウガイシャ シエン センター ニ オケル CRAFT テキヨウ ノ ケントウ

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<p>In the present study, a family support program based on Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) was conducted for the parents of persons who are totally socially withdrawn (hikikomori) and have autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Elements of this program correspond to characteristics of persons with autism spectrum disorder. It was conducted using a combination of individual sessions and group sessions. Parents of persons with autism spectrum disorder who were difficult to guide through consultation (N＝12) participated. After the intervention, their scores on a Hikikomori Behavior Checklist (HBCL) were improved, 6 out of 10 of their sons and daughters with autism spectrum disorder were able to participate in counseling and consultation, and 1 of them began a part-time job. In addition, a reduction in the psychological stress response (SRS-18) of the parents was also confirmed. This program was especially effective for individuals with the passive type or strong social anxiety type of autism spectrum disorder. On the other hand, if either parent had autism spectrum disorder characteristics, the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) score of that parent was reduced following the intervention. However, at follow-up, it was found to have increased again. The discussion suggested that the influence of a parent’s tendency to have autism spectrum disorder should be considered.</p>

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