<p>Institution and organization-building has been gaining much attention in the area of international development. We have seen rapid development of theoretical frameworks and better practices for institution and organization-building, such as creating mutual trust, promoting cooperation among stakeholders and counterparts, and achieving efficiency and effectiveness in the government as well as encouraging citizen's participation. Nonetheless, we have not yet established an evaluation framework of institutionalization. The discussions such as how institutionalization is defined in the context of evaluation for project, and what is a necessary and sufficient condition of institutionalization are not sufficient. This paper presents a potential framework for evaluating institutionalization based on institution theories in sociology. After presenting the framework, we apply it to the Sulawesi Poverty Alleviation project conducted by JICA.</p><p>The Sulawesi Poverty Alleviation project is shown as one of the successful social development model that builds local capacity by improving the administrative abilities and encouraging citizen participation. The model proved itself institutionalized in regulation by order of the provincial head order and provincial council ordinances, and in approving the budget by district were a true sign of institutionalization. The model also proved itself effective in establishing administrative support systems. As such, the model was well recognized by counterparts in other districts as well as local district officials, the Head of Takalar district, and council members. Takalar District has taken steps towards establishing an ordinance stipulating the provision of administrative support for participatory social development by way of its own budget. In view of the above, JICA has concluded that the objective of the project will most likely be achieved in the future. However, compilation of the budget, securing of staffs, the criteria for evaluation of sustainability of project in JICA, are not sufficient in following reason. Impact of institution can be seen by whether institution changed actor's preference and behavior or not. Sociological framework of institution and institutionalization can supplement of evaluation of JICA. According to the institution theory of sociology, institution can be seen as a set of mores, a sort of super-custom and patterns of behavior. Institutionalization can be seen as a newly establishment of new patters of behavior led by elimination of constrains of behavior and change of the preference by the newly adopted institution. These frameworks are assumed to be useful.</p><p>We introduce two analytical concepts of institutionalization: “enabling environment” and “stakeholders' reaction”. Enabling environment lens shows constraints such as insufficient available information at community level and the lack of access to budget. The stakeholders' reaction is further divided into four categories: (1) stakeholders' commitment to institution, (2) stakeholders' motivation, (3) the degree of congruence between stakeholders' actions and aims/intentions of institutions, and (4) the change in the congruity between stakeholders' actions and institutional intentions. Stakeholders' reaction is proved especially effective. It often helps us identify inadequate institutional environment, thus would signal the need for improvement in promoting institutionalization. Moreover, it provides an opportunity for all the stakeholders to discuss an institution's stability, potential course of development, and benefits to stakeholders. The Sulawesi project shows some examples of inefficient efforts to maintain institutions without clear rationale or objectives.</p>