Chemical burn : Universal knowledge

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  • Yamamoto Osamu
    Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine

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  • 化学熱傷 : 誰もが知っておきたい知識

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 Chemical burn is defined as acute injury of the skin or mucous membranes caused by primary contact with certain chemical materials and subsequent chemical reaction specific to the materials without heat reaction. The causal materials are classified into acids, alkaline compounds, corrosive aromatic compounds, aliphatic compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons, petroleum-related products, metals and metallic compounds, non-metals and non-metal compounds, chemical weapons (poisonous gas) and others. The clinical image is similar to that of common burns caused by heat. However, it is necessary to know the characteristics of individual materials because some causal chemicals exhibit characteristic clinical features and/or have the possibility of systemic poisoning after absorption through the skin. The principle of treatment is washing with running water as soon as possible and special treatments for some specific chemical burns. For plastic surgeons, dermatologists, ER doctors, general physicians and surgeons with opportunities to treat chemical burn patients, it is necessary to have the minimum knowledge about chemical burns.

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