Raindrop Size Distribution Characteristics of Indian and Pacific Ocean Tropical Cyclones Observed at India and Taiwan Sites

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  • JANAPATI Jayalakshmi
    Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taiwan
  • SEELA Balaji Kumar
    Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taiwan Taiwan International Graduate Program, Earth System Science Program, Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taiwan
  • LIN Pay-Liam
    Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taiwan Earthquake-Disaster & Risk Evaluation and Management Center, National Central University, Taiwan Research Center for Hazard Mitigation and Prevention, National Central University, Taiwan
  • WANG Pao K.
    Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taiwan
  • TSENG Chie-Huei
    Taiwan Ocean Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories (NARLabs), Taiwan
  • REDDY K. Krishna
    Semi-arid zonal Atmospheric Research Centre, Department of Physics, Yogi Vemana University, India
  • HASHIGUCHI Hiroyuki
    Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • FENG Lei
    Taiwan Ocean Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories (NARLabs), Taiwan
  • DAS Subrata Kumar
    Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, India
  • UNNIKRISHNAN C. K.
    National Centre for Earth Science Studies, ESSO-MoES, Government of India, India

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  • インドと台湾で観測されたインド洋と太平洋における熱帯低気圧の雨滴粒径分布特性

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Abstract

<p>    We made an effort to inspect the raindrop size distribution (RSD) characteristics of Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean tropical cyclones (TCs) using ground-based disdrometer measurements from observational sites in India and Taiwan. Five TCs (2010–2013) from the Indian Ocean and six TCs (2014–2016) from the Pacific Ocean were measured using particle size and velocity disdrometers installed in south India and south Taiwan, respectively. Significant differences between the RSDs of Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean TCs are noticed. For example, a higher number of small drops is observed in Indian Ocean TCs, whereas Pacific Ocean TCs have more mid-size and large drops. RSDs of Pacific Ocean TCs have higher mass-weighted mean diameter and lower normalized intercept parameter than Indian Ocean TCs. RSD values quantified based on rainfall rate and precipitation types also showed similar characteristics between Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean TCs. The radar reflectivity and rainfall rate (Z-R) relations and shape and slope (μ-Λ) relations of both oceanic (Indian and Pacific) TCs are found to be distinctly different. Possible causes for the dissimilarities in RSD features between Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean TCs are due to relative differences in water vapor availability and convective activity between TCs in these two oceanic basins.</p>

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