An Examination of the Theory of Self-governing Village Communities in the Establishment of Early Rural Cooperatives:

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  • 初期産業組合設立における自治村落論の検証
  • 初期産業組合設立における自治村落論の検証 : 組合の区域と設立者の検討を通して
  • ショキ サンギョウ クミアイ セツリツ ニ オケル ジチ ソンラクロン ノ ケンショウ : クミアイ ノ クイキ ト セツリツシャ ノ ケントウ オ トオシテ
  • A Study on the Areas and Founders of Rural Cooperatives
  • 組合の区域と設立者の検討を通して

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Abstract

<p>It is said that early rural cooperatives in Japan were organizations for small farmers to adapt to the commodity economy and that the area covered by each rural cooperative corresponded to a village that was established in the Edo era. To examine this theory of self-governing village communities, it is necessary to compare the areas of rural cooperatives with the domains of villages using materials from the times when the cooperatives were established; however, appropriate materials have not been used in previous studies. This study examined whether the areas of early rural cooperatives corresponded to those of villages that were established in the Edo era using the home addresses, reported in the official gazette, of the directors of 5,509 rural cooperatives that were established during the ten years following enactment of the Rural Cooperative Act （1900）. It was revealed that rural cooperatives comprised of one village were not dominant in the early period. What is noteworthy is that a substantial portion of cooperatives comprised several neighboring villages, and it is suggested that it was the medium and small land owners who organized these villages into cooperatives. Thus, the theory of self-governing village communities is not supported by the findings of this study on the establishment of early rural cooperatives.</p>

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