Effects of a Dietary Education Support Program Aimed at Improving Masticatory Ability and Physical Fitness of Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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  • 咀嚼力向上を目指した食育支援プログラムの陸上競技における運動能力向上の効果：ランダム化比較試験による検討
  • ソシャクリョク コウジョウ オ メザシタ ショクイク シエン プログラム ノ リクジョウ キョウギ ニ オケル ウンドウ ノウリョク コウジョウ ノ コウカ : ランダムカ ヒカク シケン ニ ヨル ケントウ

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Abstract

<p> This study examined the effectiveness of a dietary education support program (DESP) aimed at improving masticatory ability for the purpose of improving physical fitness of athletes. Subjects were high school students from a regular public high school who consented to participation, and they were randomly divided into a group receiving DESP (DESP group) and a group not receiving DESP (non-DESP group). The subjects in the DESP group ate chewy donuts containing soymilk and soy pulp to which liquid konjak (trade name, “Chewin’ Donuts!” Kekkou Kamigotae-aru Donatsu®; manufacturer, Shiraho Tanpaku Co., Ltd.) was added. They were instructed to masticate consciously and ingest one donut per day for 30 consecutive days. Masticatory ability and 100-m sprint time were measured before and after the start of DESP in both groups. For masticatory ability, the amount of eluted sugar was measured using chewing gum, and the occlusal area, average occlusal pressure, maximum occlusal pressure, and occlusal force were measured using Dental Prescale® 50H Type R. The 100-m sprint time was measured by the manual timekeeping method according to the competition rule book of the Japan Athletics Federation, and the change between before and after DESP was examined. As a result, in males among the 61 subjects (48 males and 13 females) in the DESP group, the 100-m sprint time decreased significantly from 13.3±1.2 seconds to 13.2±1.1 seconds, and for masticatory ability, the amount of eluted sugar, occlusal area, and occlusal force improved significantly. In the females, the amount of eluted sugar, occlusal area, average occlusal pressure, maximum occlusal pressure, and occlusal force improved significantly in comparisons between before and after DESP. Among the 60 subjects (47 males and 13 females) in the non-DESP group, no significant changes were observed in any items. Therefore, it was suggested that DESP implemented in this study might be effective for the improving masticatory ability and physical fitness of athletes.</p>

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