STUDY ON A TERRITORIAL HISTORY BY RECONSIDERING THE WINE PRODUCTIVE SITE AND SYSTEM OF APPELLATION OF ORIGIN IN CARMIGNANO IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY

<p> This paper evaluates the reason why Carmignano was designated in the system of appellation of origin in 1716. It was examined not only from the aspects of natural environment but also from local community, urban culture, society and distribution and reputation of products. Through them, it clarify both of the territorial history of Carmignano and making process of value of product. Specifically, it was clarified the influence of the system of appellation of origin on the process of land accumulation in Fattoria of Capezzana and the expansion period. As a result, the following points became clear.</p><p> Before the 18th century, Carmignano already had an urban base. The Medici family's intervention since the 15th century. Since the Middle Ages the production structure by Mezzadria have characterized the community and the spatial characteristics. Also in the late 17th century, Cosimo III frequently distributed durable Carmignano wines abroad to encourage domestic product. This had been clarified by studies by P. Gennai and F. Martelli.</p><p> Since the late 18th century, Carmignano's reputation has been greatly enhanced. Especially Academia dei Georgorfili played a major role in encouraging agriculture. The particular mention of Tozzetti and Lastri, mentioning wines from Carmignano, indicates that the revitalization of local products and the formation of the region were supported by urban intellectuals. Lastri evaluated Fattoria of Capezzana as good wine productive sites.</p><p> The Cantucci family, which owned Fattoria of Capezzana, had set up land in Carmignano since the 15th century and expanded it in the 1710s and 1720s, increasing its capacity as a production base. The marriage with the Medici, Tornabuoni, and Pitti families was a factor in the fact that in the 17th century they gained the political status of being a Grand Duchy official. Although Capezzana's land agglomeration was attributed to the inheritance of the Cantucci family, and not directly to the system of appellation in 1716, the expansion of Fattoria coincided with the enactment and timing of the system. It is highly probable that the Cantucci family, who owned land in the Carmignano area but gained political status in the Grand Duchy and were in contact with the urban cultural environment, focused on Fattoria management and expanded the land.</p><p> In the central building, as seen in the function of the courtyard as a drinking fountain for domestic animals and Aia, the function of a production base as a fattoria is more remarkable than a villa, and the land expands toward the middle of the 18th century, Among them, the addition of water turbines and buildings can be regarded as an obvious expansion of functional equipment. It can be said that the expansion of Fattoria Capezzana was triggered by the judgment of the landowners who were urban. In addition to that, it can be also evaluated that the production structure such as Mezzadria quickly functioned to expand the production system.</p><p> Carmignano has a unique environment connected to urban culture even before 1716, and since 1716 it can be said that the formation of the area has progressed with the enactment of the system of appellation. The impact of the legal system linking land and products was extremely large, while invisible factors such as the durability and taste of the products were included in the background of the value creation of the region and products.</p>