雲凝結核が降水に与える影響

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Impacts of Cloud Condensation Nuclei on Precipitation
  • 雲凝結核が降水に与える影響 : 平成27年9月関東・東北豪雨を対象として
  • クモ ギョウケッカク ガ コウスイ ニ アタエル エイキョウ : ヘイセイ 27ネン 9ガツ カントウ ・ トウホク ゴウウ オ タイショウ ト シテ
  • —A Case Study on Kanto-Tohoku Heavy Rainfall Event in September 2015—
  • ―平成27年9月関東・東北豪雨を対象として―

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抄録

<p>Aerosols can alter cloud microphysical and dynamical properties through complex aerosol-cloud-precipitation interaction processes. As aerosols increase, precipitation is suppressed and lifetime of cloud is extended (lifetime effect), whereas largely developed clouds are expected to develop more (invigoration). This aerosol to precipitation feedback process has been extensively studied, whereas not many have been done for heavy rainfall cases in Japan. The objective of the study is to evaluate the impacts of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) changes on precipitation during the Kanto-Tohoku heavy rainfall by using numerical simulations and idealized sensitivity tests. Three CCN spectra (relationship between supersaturation and number of aerosols activated to form cloud droplets) were prepared for the tests, reflecting two orders of magnitude variations in CCN number concentrations. Both lifetime and invigoration effects were inferred for the light and heavy precipitation areas, respectively. Due to the invigoration, the one and two orders of magnitude increase in CCN numbers resulted in enhancement of heavy precipitations (both areas and amounts) by approximately 60–80% and 80–100%, respectively.</p>

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