IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF TSUNAMI EMBANKMENT CONSTRUCTION AND DISASTER PREVENTION EDUCATION ON EVACUATION DECISION MAKING OF RESIDENTS BY USING STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING

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  • 住民の津波避難意思決定に及ぼす防潮堤整備と防災教育の影響評価

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<p>There was a couple of researches pointed out that the residents' trust on embankments and sense of safety might influence the decision making of evacuation from the tsunami caused by the 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake. The disaster prevention measures against the Nankai Trough earthquakes and tsunamis are an urgent issue. This study used the data of questionnaire survey conducted in coastal area of Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Japan, concerning on residents' awareness of tsunami disaster and tsunami embankment under construction. Cross tabulations were conducted according to the presence or absence of disaster prevention education. In addition, the structural equation modeling (covariance structure analysis) of evacuation decision making was conducted that took into account the recognition to embankment. The results show that although decreasing the risk perception of tsunami increases residents' trust on embankment and feeling of well protected, the perception of embankment has less direct impact on the evacuation decision making. Furthermore, by observing difference in the evacuation decision mechanism depending on the presence or absence of disaster prevention education was taken, the most effective path among the several paths in which disaster prevention education promotes evacuation was the one that directly raises awareness and understanding of disaster prevention.</p>

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