伊豆大島における土手上のヤブツバキ植栽及び住民の椿油用の実の採集利用

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  • Study on the planting arrangement of <i>Camellia japonica</i> on the earthwork which called “Dote” and collecting utility of the seeds by residents for camellia oils in Izu-Oshima Island
  • イズ オオシマ ニ オケル ドテ ジョウ ノ ヤブツバキショクサイオヨビ ジュウミン ノ ツバキアブラヨウ ノ ミノル ノ サイシュウ リヨウ

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<p>We investigated the planting arrangements on an earthwork around a residence and the residents’ seed collecting activities on Izu-Oshima Island to understand how the use of Camellia japonica can transform the cultural landscape. At the study site, an earthwork was built around the residence in the first half of the 1900s when a resident settled there. A windbreak forest was then formed by planting the native species C. japonica and Cerasus speciosa on the earthwork. In total, 130 trees grew on the earthwork, which had a length of 96 m, among which C. japonica was the dominant species, accounting to 46%. Responses to a questionnaire indicated that many of the island’s residents collect the seeds of C. japonica from windbreak forests around their homes and fields and take them to oil extraction traders as a raw material for camellia oil. This collection activity serves as a small-scale business and provides additional income, which acts as a management incentive to plant C. japonica windbreak forests. We judged that this activity was a minor subsistence practice because it also gave other rewards, such as health and fitness benefits and bringing a sense of fulfillment. The windbreak forest dominated by C. japonica with the earthwork was one of unique cultural landscapes, and it was the feature to renew the landscape through resident's management and use of a Camellia.</p>

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