Seasonal Variations in Dietary Intake, Dietary Habits, Sleep, and Body Composition among University Student Athletes

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  • 運動部に所属する大学生の食習慣, 睡眠習慣, 及び体組成における季節の影響の検討
  • ウンドウブ ニ ショゾク スル ダイガクセイ ノ ショク シュウカン,スイミン シュウカン,オヨビ タイソセイ ニ オケル キセツ ノ エイキョウ ノ ケントウ

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Abstract

<p>  It has been reported that there are seasonal variations in dietary intake in Japan. As the average summer temperature in Japan has increased in recent years, it is necessary to investigate the dietary habits and health of student athletes who are active in the summer heat environment. Thus, we investigated the dietary intake, eating speed, degree of chewing during meals, sleep duration, midpoint of sleep, and body composition in 27 young men from a university baseball club in the autumn and summer seasons. The results showed that the body weight, body mass index, percentage of body fat, and fat mass significantly increased in the autumn compared to those in the summer. The intake of several energy-adjusted nutrients in the summer was poor compared to that in the autumn. More subjects had insufficient intake of potassium and thiamine in the summer than in the autumn. However, the proportion of subjects who had insufficient intake of calcium, vitamin B6, and total dietary fiber and excessive intake of salt was higher in both the summer and autumn when the values of Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese, 2020 were applied. The intake of preferred beverages was higher in the summer compared to that in the autumn. Furthermore, subjects with a late midpoint of sleep on free days (MSF) had lower nutrient intake than those with an early MSF in the summer, but not in the autumn. This study suggests that student athletes who are active in the summer heat environment need nutritional education to support their dietary intake, depending on seasonal variations and their sleep patterns.</p>

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