type:症例報告

type:Case Report

特定健診・特定保健指導は生活習慣病（糖尿病，脂質異常症，高血圧）の対策として行われているが，メンタルヘルスや睡眠について十分な検討や対策は出来ていない．今回，我々は特定健診受診者の健診結果とメンタルヘルス及び睡眠について詳細を明らかにすることを目的に本研究を行った．本研究への参加を書面にて同意頂いた特定健診受診者76名（女性41名，男性35名）を対象に研究を行った．対象者には健診受診時に日本語版ピッツバーグ睡眠質問票（Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI）及び一般健康調査票（General Health Questionnaire, GHQ）-12 項目版の回答を求めた．調査項目はPSQI とGHQ-12の及び特定健診の測定項目，精神健康の指標World Health Organization Well-being Index （WHO）-5を含む健診問診票の結果を対象とした．PSQI のスコアを6点以上と未満とで分け特定健診測定値を比較した結果は有意差を認めなかった．GHQ-12とPSQI のスコアはSpearman の順位相関係数で有意な相関を認めた （r=0.63, p<0.01）．また，GHQ-12とPSQI の7つの要素と性別及び年齢で多変量解析を用いて検討した結果GHQ-12は睡眠の質 （β=0.32, t=2.96, p<0.01） と日中の眠気 （β=0.37, t=3.93, p<0.01） で有意な関連を示した．GHQ-12の代わりにWHO-5を用いた結果でも同様であった．今回の検討では特定健診受診者において睡眠の状態とメンタルヘルスに相関を認め，特に熟眠感の欠如と日中の眠気がメンタルヘルスにとって重要な症状であることを示唆した．

Specific Health Checkups and Specific Health Guidance are enforced for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases. However, mental health and sleep condition are not comprehensively considered in this checkup. We conducted the present study to evaluate the relationship of health checkup data with mental health and sleep condition. Seventy six participants (41 women and 35 men) from Specific Health Checkups were enrolled in this study. All participants provided written consent for study participation. They completed the Japanese version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). In addition, World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO)-5 as well as health checkup data were investigated. The values of health checkup data in two groups were not different when the participants were divided by a PSQI of 6. The GHQ-12 value and PSQI score were significantly correlated, as observed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The relationship with GHQ-12 and seven component scores of the PSQI was assessed by multiple regression analysis. Sleep quality and daytime dysfunction were associated with the GHQ-12 value after adjustment for age and sex. Furthermore, the WHO-5 and PSQI component showed the same results. The present study reveals a significant association between sleep and mental health and suggests that sleep quality and daytime dysfunction are particularly important for mental health.

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