A Study on the Effects of the Abolition of the Kominkan System on Community Care : The Case of Tosacho, Kochi

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Other Title
  • 公民館制度の廃止が地域福祉に与える影響と課題の検討 : 高知県土佐町の事例に注目して
  • コウミンカン セイド ノ ハイシ ガ チイキ フクシ ニ アタエル エイキョウ ト カダイ ノ ケントウ : コウチケン トサマチ ノ ジレイ ニ チュウモク シテ

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This study purposes to clarify the actual conditions of community care after the abolishment of the Kominkan system. In particular, we elaborate the logic behind the creation of educational practices introduced by the council of social welfare for people in need of community care services. This research project performed fieldwork in the town, Tosacho, Kochi. We conducted participant observations, historical document acquisition, and semi-structured interviews with the staff of the council of social welfare, the staff of the board of education, as well as others connected to the practices created. We also performed group interviews with those who had been participants. The research revealed the following: First, the community care services practices consist of both welfare and educational aspects. Caring practices were exhibited and a respect for posterity expressed through activities that emphasized the importance of the handing down of local traditional skills. This educational aspect is similar to the practices of Kominkan on two points: First, the encouragement of mutual and organized group education is noted and second, the beliefs of the council of social welfare that form the core of the creation of educational practices are exhibited. The necessary function inherent in the Kominkan system was to improve the quality of life through education. Preparing an opportunity for education as well as the actual learning of the residents was believed a requirement that would improve a community work ethic. This research concludes that the abolishment of the Kominkan system affected consciousness regarding the necessity of an entity that functions to offer an opportunity for citizen education. In response to this, the council of social welfare came to take on the role of improving community work as well as providing a public place where education and welfare could complement one another.

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