HBs抗原に対する遅延型過敏症皮膚反応とHBワクチン皮内接種の臨床的意義

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タイトル別名
  • A Delayed Type Hypersensitivity (DTH) Skin Reaction to Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) and Intradermal Hepatitis B Vaccination
  • Delayed Type Hypersensitivity DTH Skin Reaction to Hepatitis B Surface Antigen HBsAg and Intradermal Hepatitis B Vaccination

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説明

The significance of a delayed type hypersensitivity skin reaction to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) (HBs-DTH) in type B viral hepatitis (VHB) and in intradermal hepatitis B (HB) vaccination is reviewed. HBs-DTH could be developed by the intradermal injection of HB vaccine in anti-HBs positive people and also in persons immunized with HB vaccine. Thus, HBs-DTH could serve as a useful marker for the acquisition of an active Thl type immunoreactivity to HBsAg. HBs-DTH was absent in patients with chronic VHB. In contrast, HBs-DTH developed early in the convalescent phase of the acute VHB, whereas the production of anti-HBs was significantly delayed, thus suggesting that HBs-DTH may be involved in the recovery mechanisms of acute VHB. Intradermal HB vaccination is useful not only in lowering the cost, but also in the rapid development of anti-HBs, reversing non-responsiveness, improving postexposure prophylaxis and in immunizing immunosuppressed people. A similar vaccination strategy should prove to be useful in prevention and control of not only other infectious diseases but also malignant neoplasms.

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